
Northern and Central Europe, particularly common in Scandinavia and the British Isles.
Mycorrhizal with birch (Betula) and hazel (Corylus) in mixed forests, often on damp acidic soils.
Late summer to autumn (August-November).
Orellanine
Orellanine causes delayed renal failure 2-17 days after ingestion. Initial symptoms are mild GI upset, followed by severe kidney damage. Mortality without treatment is significant.